- hãʃa - laugh
- briʃʈi raja-ke dekhe hãʃlo - Brishti laughed at Raja. (lit. 'Having seen Raja, Brishti laughed.')
- briʃʈi raja-r opor(-e) hãʃlo - Brishti laughed at Raja. (lit. 'Brishti laughed on/over Raja.')
- briʃʈi raja-ke hãʃalo - Brishti made Raja laugh.
- *briʃʈi raja-ke hãʃlo - *Brishti laughed Raja.
- briʃʈi ka-ke hãʃalo - Who did Brishti make laugh?
- raja-ke hãʃalo - Made Raja laugh. (in response to above question)
- ke hãʃalo - Who made everyone laugh?
- ʃɔwa - to lie down; to lie down and sleep
- ghumono - to sleep
- briʃʈi sulo - Brishti lay down (and slept).
- briʃʈi ghumolo - Brishti slept.
- [bus]-e ʃuwe pɔrlo - fell asleep on the bus
- [bus]-e ghumie pɔrlo - fell asleep on the bus
- briʃʈi ʃuwalo - Brishti made someone lie down (and sleep).
- briʃʈi korgoʃ-ʈa-ke ʃuwalo - Brishti made the rabbit lie down (and sleep).
- ?ami nije-ke ʃowalam - I made myself sleep.
- *ami nije-ke ghumolam - I made myself sleep.
- dewa - give
- briʃʈi raja-ke korgoʃ(-ʈa) (*ke) dilo - Brishti gave Raja the rabbit.
- briʃʈi raja-ke korgoʃ-ʈa dewalo - Brishti gave the bunny to Raja through someone.
- briʃʈi ama-ke die raja-ke korgoʃ-ʈa dewalo - Brishti gave Raja the rabbit through me. (die < dewa)
- briʃʈi ama-ke die korgoʃ-ʈa raja-ke dewalo - Same as above
- briʃʈi ama-ke ama-r korgoʃ raja-ke dite bollo - Brishti told me to give Raja my rabbit. (dite < dewa)
- briʃʈi raja-ke die rani-ke mach-ʈa khawalo - Brishti made Raja make Rani eat the fish.
- bolalo - (3s.informal) made (somebody) say
- -ke die bolalo - made (somebody) say through
Note that the causative construction cannot be used with ghumono. This is likely due to the semantics of the verb. Because the act of falling asleep is not a process under someone's control, one cannot make someone else fall asleep.
Note here that the bunny may not have ever been in Brishti's possession. Brishti may have asked someone to give the rabbit to Raja. The ownership of the rabbit is unspecified. It may be specified by adding PERSON-(e)r before korgoʃ.
| Subject | Past causative form of newa 'take' | Gloss |
|---|---|---|
| ami | newalam | I made someone take |
| tui | newali | you (very informal) made somebody take |
| tumi | newale | you (informal) made someone take |
| apni | newalen | you (formal) made someone take |
| ʃe | newalo | he/she/they made someone take |
dewa 'give follows the same conjugation pattern given in the table above.
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